Danielle Cancholas Portfolio

                                                          Diabetes!

    In the United States alone, Diabetes affects more than twenty million Americans. There are many different types of diabetes. For example, Gestational diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome, Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. Each type and kind of diabetes has its own symptoms, even though many symptoms can be shared. People with diabetes cannot eat the same food as someone without this disease.  There are many things that people living with diabetes have to regulate. For example, their blood and sugar levels. People that are over weight or obese have a greater chance of getting diabetes because their blood and sugar levels are higher than someone who is fit and active. Many people think that a urine test will diagnose diabetes, but this is not true Just when you thought the news couldn’t get any worse, It does...

                                                                                                 Type 2 Diabetes

     

    Type 2 diabetes is a chronic ( life long) disease marked by high levels of sugar in the blood. Its also the most common form of diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is caused by the way your body makes and uses insulin. The insulin in needed to move blood sugar into the cells where it is stored and used for energy. With Type 2 diabetes the body does not respond correctly to the insulin. As a result, blood sugar blood does not get into cells to be stored for energy. When sugar cannot enter into cells, an abnormal high level of sugar builds up in the blood. This is called Hyperglycemia. People who are overweight are more likely to have insulin resistance, because fat interferes with the bodies ability to use insulin.

    Type 2 Diabetes usually occurs gradually. Most people with this disease are overweight at the time of diagnosis. Also, type 2 diabetes can develop in those who are thin, especially the elderly. Family history and genetics play a large role in type 2 diabetes. Low activity level, poor diet and excess body weight significantly increase your risk for type 2 diabetes.

Risk Factors include:

*Age greater than 45 years

*HDL cholesterol of less than 35 mg/dL or triglyceride level of greater than 250 mg/dL

*High blood pressure

*History of gestational diabetes

*Poly cystic ovarian syndrome

*Previously identified impaired glucose tolerance by your doctor

*Race/ethnicity (African Americans, Hispanic Americans and Native Americans have high rates of diabetes



    Some main symptoms that people with type 2 diabetes should watch out for are:

*Blurred vision

*Erectile dysfunction

*frequent or slow healing infections

*Increased thirst

*Increased urination

    If you tend to have any of the symptoms above you should go see your doctor. When you get tested for type 2 diabetes, your test results may look like some of the things listed below:

*fasting blood glucose level - - - Diabetes is diagnosed if higher than 126mg/dL on two occasions

*Hemoglobin A1c test--- This test has been used in the past to help patients monitor how well they are controlling their blood glucose levels. In 2010, the American Diabetes Association recommended that the test be used as another option for diagnosing diabetes and identifying pre- diabetes:

*Normal: Less than 5.7%

*Pre-diabetes: Between 5.7% - 6.4%

*Oral glucose tolerance test

Random (non fasting) blood glucose level (this tests must be confirmed with a fasting blood glucose test) 

    Those are three main tests to tell if you are a diabetic. The main treatment for type 2 diabetes is to just make sure you are checking your blood pressure 3 sugar levels once or twice a day. If your blood sugar levels are under control, you may only need to check a few times a week. When checking your blood pressure and sugar level, the best times to test is when you wake up, before meals, and at bedtime. If you are sick or under stress, it is better to test frequently through out the day.

    Every 3 months you should go see your health care doctor. When you see your health care doctor, he/she is going to check your blood pressure, skin and bones on your feet and legs, sensation in your feet. He/she is also going to check the back side of your eye. Also, go to the dentist every 6 months, make sure the dentist know you have diabetes.In the long run of having type 2 diabetes it can lead to problems with your eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, blood vessels and many other areas in your body. If you have diabetes, your risk of heart attack is the same as someone who has already had a heart attack. Both women and men with diabetes are at risk of a heart attack

General complications:

*Damage to blood vessels that supply the legs and feet

*Glaucoma

*High blood pressure

*High cholesterol

*Kidney disease and kidney failure

*Stroke

*worsening of eyesight or even blindness

*Erection problems

*infections of the skin, female genital track and urinary track

    So please, if you see signs of having Type 2 Diabetes, please go get tested. Don’t blow it off because it could get worse by the day or even minute. My little brother, Josh, who is 12 years old was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes at the age of 7 years old. Its really hard to believe he has diabetes. He watches his blood pressure and sugar levels. He has to take shots 2 times a day. He can only eat certain types of food. But he said its hard to go out to eat some where and have only a little limit of choices of foods to eat. It’s hard to eat certain food in front of him. So PLEASE from his word to mine.... Get tested as soon as you see any signs of any type of diabetes, because it is not a joke.



 

 

                                                                                        Type 1 Diabetes!

 

    Type 1 diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin to properly control blood sugar. Type 1 diabetes used to be called "juvenile" or "insulin-indenpendant" diabetes. It can occur at any age, but it is most often diagnosed in children, adolescents, or young adults. The insulin is a hormone produced by special cells, called "beta cells". In the pancreas, an organ located in the area behind your stomach. The insulin is needed to move bloods sugar into cells, where it is stored and later used for energy. Within 5-10 years, the insulin-oridycubg beta cells if the pancreas are completely destroyed and the body can no longer produce insulin.

    There are a lot of symptoms of type 1 diabetes. Many symptoms, such as:

*feeling tired or fatigued

*feeling hungry

*being very thirsty

*urinating more than often

*losing weight without trying

*having blurry eyesight

*losing the feeling or feeling tingling in your feet

*dry skin and mouth

*flushed face

*fruity breath odor

*stomach pain

*headache

*rapid heart beat

*shaking

*sweating

*weakness





    There are treatments for the symptoms above. The long term goals of treatment is to reduce symptoms. You are the most important person to manage your diabetes. To prevent type one diabetes, visit your health care provider or diabetes education. At least four times a year, make sure you tell him/her the problems you are having. Type 1 diabetes does not have an effective screening test for people with no symptoms. Also, stay up to date with all of your vaccinations and get a flu shot every year in the fall.If you have any symptoms of type 1 diabetes, please set up a doctors appointment to get tested.

 

                                                                                 Metabolic Syndrome

    Metabolic syndrome is a name for a group of risk factors that occur together and increase the risk for coronary artery disease, stroke, and Type 2 diabetes. Researchers are not sure whether the syndrome is due to one single cause, but all of the syndrome’s risk factors are related to obesity. Two very important risk factors are extra weight around the middle of the body (central obesity). The body may be described as (apple shaped). Insulin resistance, in which the body cannot use insulin effectively. INsulin is needed to help control the amount of sugar in the body. If you have insulin resistance, in which the body does not respond to insulin, and blood sugar cannot get into cells. Insulin and blood sugar levels rise when the body produces too much insulin. This can affect kidney function can raise the level of blood fats, such as triglycerides. more risk factors to beware of are aging, genetic predisposition (genes that make you more likely to develop this condition), hormone changes and lack of exercise. One major symptom is extra weight gain.

 

 

 


                                                                                  Gestational Diabetes

 

    Gestational diabetes happens to quite a few pregnant women. This type of diabetes can only happen to a pregnant female. Some symptoms to watch out for would be high blood pressure, too much weight gain, blurred vision, fatigue, frequent or increased thirst and weight loss. This can happen anytime during pregnancy in a woman who does not have diabetes. Typically women who have gestational diabetes are at very high risk of Type 2 diabetes and/or cardiovascular disease later on in life. Some precautions to take to avoid this disease would be to eat healthy during pregnancy, have regular visits with our doctor and keep exercising. Some more extra steps would be to get your blood drawn before pregnancy, about mid through and after pregnancy. 

    This type of diabetes cannot be carried over to your off spring. Gestational diabetes usually starts halfway through pregnancy. Most women with gestational diabetes are able to control their blood sugar and avoid harm to themselves and their baby. Pregnant women with gestational diabetes tend to have larger babies at birth. There is a slight increased risk of the baby dying when the mother has untreated gestational diabetes. Controlling blood sugar levels reduces this risk. High blood sugar levels often go back to normal after the delivery. Many women with gestational diabetes develop diabetes within 5-10 years after delivery. The risk may be increased in obese women.

                                     Diabetic Diet (foods)

SWEETS: Fruit, no added sugar, frozen treats, many no-added sugar candies, and other sugar free deserts

Fats and Oils: Canola, Flax and olive oil; nuts, seeds and their butters and oils.

olives; avocado

Starches: Whole grain, light and low carbohydrate bread, starchy veggies

Vegetables: All raw and cooked vegetables.

                                                            Diabetes and your weight

1) Vegetables are very good. The more the better

2) Protein

3) Starches

4) fats and oils

5) sweets

                                                                                 Fats and Oils

    Healthy fats lower cholesterol and may decrease insulin resistance. In addition, the omega 35 lower triglyerides, raise HDL cholesterol, lower blood pressure and can help prevent blood clotting. They boost the level of lepton, the hormone that helps regulate appetite and metabolism, and they stimulate the body’s fat burning mechanism. They can even help glucose intolerance from turning into full blown Type 2 diabetes.

                                                                                Sweets and Fruits

    The sweets that made it onto the top range here are-fruit, no added sugar frozen fudge pops and ice pops, many no added sugar candies, other sugar free desserts, even chocolate. These all qualify as fighters for weight loss and against diabetes, and you can eat generous amounts of them.Fruits offer the powerful pluses of fiber and phytonutrients with low calorie content. Whereas the candy and pastry are made with refined carbohydrates and thus lack any nutritional value. The fruit is packed with the phytonutrients and fiber that helps you fight diabetes.

                                                                                      Starches

    Losing weight and preventing or managing diabetes, the starchy foods on the "Beat Diabetes" pyramid, the gift of fiber, an important benefit, and one of the four phonemes for beating the killer disease. Fiber filling- big plus for weight loss. Fiber also offers even more diabetes fighting power. It helps maintain insulin levels by slowing the absorption of sugar into the blood stream. It lowers blood pressure and reduces total LDL cholesterol and triglyceride counts, this in time reducing the risk of heart disease, which is a keep complication of the diabetes disease. Fiber is the one nutrient in the fight against diabetes to which we can actually assign a recommended daily amount to consume: AT LEAST 25 TO 30 GRAMS.

 

                                                                                        Vegetables

    This food group is very healthy for people with diabetes. This is the one food group of which we can say without hesitation or reservation that the more you eat, the greater the benefits to you for weight loss and preventing or managing diabetes. Vegetables are rich in 2 of the 4 Phonemes that help lower your calorie intake. Vegetables are packed with phytonutrients that protect our bodies against the kind of cell damage diabetes can cause. Vegetables are the base of the diabetic pyramid.

                                                                                            Protein

    The fact is that there are many components in these sources of protein that my actually raise the risk of diabetes and its complications Protein food that's not good for trying to beat diabetes.The cost of eating protein that's not helpful in beating diabetes are high and that’s an assessment based on evidence that is both compelling and overwhelming. meat is a good example. Red meat such as steak, ribs and burger has long been a staple of the american diet. The news is even worse for a severing of processed meat, which raises your risk of diabetes. 38 percent, while a single serving of bacon increases the risk by a whopping 73 percent. The Harvard nurses study found that the consumption of red meat among diabetic women raised the risk of coronary heart disease by 50 percent over women who ate little or no re meat. The percent what is by now a universally acknowledged truth: that a diet high in red and processed meats, eggs and dairy products can increase every individuals risks of developing diabetes.

            Lovely Legumes (Protein)

    Legumes are something of a perfect weapon: they are packed with fiber, loaded with phytonutrients that battle a range of health dangers, have no fat and no cholesterol and contain carbohydrates. They are very slowly absorbed into the bloodstream and thus not an issue as far as blood sugar control is concerned.

            Fish issues (Protein) 

    Specifically, they help lower two key components of metabolic syndrome and major risk factors for the disease of diabetes: a high triglyceride count and blood pressure

           Bottom Line (protein)

    Bottom line: we have to take in protein-or else for people trying to lose weight and prevent or manage diabetes, the best way to take in protein is to focus on three food groups in particular. The three that form the protein ring of the "Beat Diabetes) pyramid are legumes, fish and soy foods.

*Everyday, another 2200 americans are diagnosed with diabetes

*A third of the population born in 200d will contract diabetes

*Diabetes affects nearly a quarter of all americans sixty or older

*If women diagnosed with diabetes before the age of forty, your life span is likely to be shortened by fourteen years and in men 10 or eleven years.

 

 

 

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